Orissa semi-evergreen forests

Indian Flapshell Turtle was recorded in Nayapalli on September 28, 2026. This threatened species nests generally from July through November, placing the September sighting within its active nesting season when females seek exposed elevated ground near water.

Four Chestnut-headed Bee-eaters confirmed at Chandaka--Jhumka Dam on September 20. The species breeds February to June in India; these birds are in post-breeding dispersal, moving through forest clearings and dam margins where they hunt flying insects before settling into winter roosting areas.

Four Marsh Sandpipers recorded at Ring Road, Cuttack on September 26. Breeding populations from Central Asia arrive at Indian wintering grounds in September and continue through October, with these early birds marking the leading edge of southward migration to seasonal wetlands where they forage in shallow water.

Six Indian Cormorants at Nandankanan WLS--Kiakani Lake on October 2. In northern India the species breeds from July to February; these early-October arrivals mark the beginning of the breeding season when populations move into lakes and large wetlands to establish breeding colonies.